Türkiye Ranks Second Globally in Counterfeit Trade After China: OECD Report

Türkiye has been ranked as the second-largest source of counterfeit trade in the world, following China, according to a 2024 report by the OECD and the EU Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO). While China remains the top origin of seized fake goods globally, Türkiye continues to play a critical role as a transit hub, the report reveals.

A Global Trafficking Nexus

The data, which reflects trends from 2020–2021, shows that 45% of counterfeit goods seized worldwide originated from China. Türkiye, along with Hong Kong and Lebanon, was identified as a “high-risk country” for counterfeit exports — not necessarily as a producer, but as a key distribution and shipment route due to its strategic geographic location, advanced logistics infrastructure, and regional trade connectivity.

Apparel and Footwear Lead Counterfeit Categories

Fake clothing, footwear, leather goods, and watches top the list of most trafficked counterfeit items. However, the report highlights a more alarming trend: counterfeit pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, toys, and food products that pose serious health and safety risks to consumers.

This underscores that the issue extends far beyond trademark violations, raising grave concerns for public health and consumer trust.

E-Commerce Fuels the Spread

One of the most striking findings is the rapid rise of online counterfeit sales. The ease of selling through e-commerce platforms, pop-up ads, and fake brand accounts on social media has outpaced traditional enforcement mechanisms, making it easier for counterfeiters to reach unsuspecting buyers.

Smaller Brands at Greater Risk

The report warns that small and local brands are becoming more vulnerable as major global companies strengthen customs protections for their intellectual property. This imbalance could lead to unfair protection gaps, calling for equal enforcement across businesses of all sizes.

Beyond IP Theft: A Threat to Safety and Trust

Counterfeit trade threatens not only copyright and brand rights but also consumer safety, commercial credibility, and public health systems. Experts emphasize that fighting this global issue will require more than just customs enforcement—it demands international cooperation, enhanced digital monitoring, and greater consumer awareness.